参考资料: [K&R2, Sec. B3 p. 250]; [ISO, Sec. 7.11.2.1, Sec. 7.11.2.2]; [Rationale, Sec. 4.11.2]; [H&S, Sec. 14.3 pp. 341-2]; [PCS, Sec. 11 pp. 165-6]。