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寮虹儓寤鸿鎮ㄥ湪灏濊瘯鎿嶄綔鍓嶉氱瘒闃呰骞跺畬鍏ㄧ悊瑙ｆ鏂囨。鐨勫唴瀹广 濡傛灉鎮ㄥ湪寰堥噸瑕佹垨杩滅▼鐨勪富鏈轰笂鎵ц姝ゆ搷浣, 鎺ㄨ崘鎮ㄥ厛鍦ㄦ湰鍦板悓鏍风殑绯荤粺涓婃祴璇曞苟鏍￠獙鎴愬姛鍚庡啀灏濊瘯鍦ㄩ噸瑕佹垨杩滅▼涓绘満涓婅繘琛屾搷浣溿
鍗囩骇鏄竴绉嶅皢浣犵殑OpenBSD绯荤粺鎻愬崌涓烘渶鏂扮増鏈殑鏂逛究閫斿緞銆 鐒惰, 鍗囩骇鐨勭粨鏋滃苟闈炲氨鏄垹闄ゅ師绯荤粺-瀹夎鏂扮郴缁熴 鍦ㄥ崌绾ц繃绋嬩腑鏌愪簺鏃х殑搴撴枃浠朵笉浼氳鍒犻櫎, 鍥犱负涓浜涙棫鐨勫簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忓彲鑳戒細闇瑕佽繖浜涙棫鐨勫簱鏂囦欢, 鍗囩骇鏃惰繖浜涙棫鐨勫簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忔湭蹇呬竴瀹氬氨浼氳鍗囩骇銆傚鏋滀綘纭疄鎯冲垹闄よ繖浜涙棫鏂囦欢, 涔熻浣犳渶濂界殑鏂瑰紡鏄叏鏂板畨瑁呬竴涓柊鐗堟湰銆
鐩綍:
鍒楀嚭鏀寔鐨勪粙璐ㄧ被鍨, 浣犵幇鍦ㄥ簲璇ヤ娇鐢:ifconfig interface scan
ifconfig interface media
i810(4) 椹卞姩瀹屽叏琚 intel(4) 椹卞姩鍙栦唬, 鎵浠ヤ綘鐨 xorg.conf(5) 鏂囦欢搴旇杩涜鐩稿簲鍦版洿鏂般
涓浜涚幇鏈夌殑xserver妯″潡鍜岄┍鍔ㄥ凡缁忚寮冪敤銆傝纭繚 X -configure 涓嶅幓閰嶇疆杩欎簺搴熷純鐨勬ā鍧, 鍦ㄦ偍鍗囩骇鍓嶆垜浠皢鎸囧鎮ㄥ垹闄 /usr/X11R6/lib/modules/ 涓殑杩欎簺鍐呭銆
璋佸簲璇ユ敼鐢╯ysmerge(8):
姝ｅ湪杩愯鏀瑰姩寰堝ぇ鐨勭郴缁熺殑鐢ㄦ埛鎴栬呮渶鍒濆畨瑁呯殑涓嶆槸涓婁竴涓彂琛岀増鐨勭敤鎴(渚嬪, 涓や釜鍙戣鐗堜箣闂寸殑涓涓揩鐓х増), 閭ｄ簺灏嗙郴缁熷崌绾т负蹇収鐗堢殑鐢ㄦ埛鎴栬呰繃鍘绘病鏈夎鐪熷崌绾х郴缁熺殑鐢ㄦ埛灏嗗彂鐜颁娇鐢╯ysmerge澶уぇ浼樹簬浣跨敤琛ヤ竵, 鍥犱负瀹冧笉鏄寜鐓у紑鍙戜汉鍛樼殑鐚滄祴鑰屾槸鏍规嵁浣犵郴缁熺殑瀹為檯鎯呭喌鏉ュ崌绾у畠銆傚畠鍙互浣跨敤鎴峰湪鍗囩骇杩囩▼涓繘琛屾洿澶氱殑鍙備笌鍜屾帶鍒躲
璋佷笉甯屾湜浣跨敤sysmerge(8):
鏈夊ぇ閲忔満鍣ㄩ渶瑕佸崌绾х殑鐢ㄦ埛浠ュ強閭ｄ簺鐗堟湰浠嶅仠鐣欏湪涓婁竴涓彂琛岀増鎴栫ǔ瀹氱増鐨勭敤鎴峰彲鑳戒細鎰熻浣跨敤琛ヤ竵鏂囦欢绯荤粺鍗囩骇閫熷害浼氭洿蹇
娉ㄦ剰灏界 sysmerge 鍙互澶勭悊 /etc, /dev, /root鍜/var 鐨勬墍鏈夊彉鍖, 鎴戜滑浠嶇劧寮虹儓鍦版帹鑽愭偍鍦ㄥ皢鍗囩骇浜ょ粰sysmerge鍓嶆墜鍔ㄥ仛涓浜涙楠, 鍥犱负杩欐牱鍙互鑺傜害鏃堕棿鍜岄檷浣庣敤鎴疯鎿嶄綔鐨勯闄┿ 鐗瑰埆寮鸿皟涓涓, 鎴戜滑寮虹儓寤鸿鎮ㄤ笉瑕佷娇鐢 sysmerge 鏉ュ崌绾т綘鐨 user 鍜 group 甯愬彿, 鍥犱负杩欐瀬鏈夊彲鑳藉洜璇搷浣滃垹闄や綘鎵鏈夌殑鐢ㄦ埛鍩烘湰璁剧疆, 杩樺彲鑳藉皢root瀵嗙爜璁剧疆涓虹┖, 瀵艰嚧鏃犳硶杩滅▼鐧诲綍杩涜淇銆
濡傛灉浣犲畨瑁呬簡X, 璇峰湪鍗囩骇鍓嶅姟蹇呮墽琛屼笅鍒楁楠:
鐒跺悗, 鍦ㄦ寜鐓т笅闈㈡弿杩扮殑 鏈缁堟楠 瀹屾垚鍗囩骇杩囩▼銆rm -rf /usr/X11R6/lib/modules/*
浠庡唴鏍稿惎鍔ㄧ殑涓涓畝鍗曟柟娉曟槸灏4.5鐗堟湰鐨 bsd.rd 鏂囦欢鏀惧埌浣犵殑鍚姩椹卞姩鍣ㄤ笂, 鐒跺悗鎸囩ず鍚姩寮曞鍣ㄧ敤杩欎釜鏂扮殑bsd.rd 鏂囦欢鍚姩銆傚湪amd64鍜宨386骞冲彴涓, 浣犲彧闇鍦ㄥ嚭鐜 boot> 鎻愮ず绗︽椂杈撳叆 "boot bsd.rd" 銆
鏈夋椂鍊欑敤鎴峰湪瀹屾垚鍗囩骇杩囩▼鏃舵棤娉曢噰鐢ㄥ父瑙勭殑鍗囩骇鏂瑰紡銆傛渶甯歌鐨勪緥瀛愭槸涓鍙拌繙绋嬩富鏈, 浣犺闂郴缁熸帶鍒跺彴鏈夊洶闅俱傜敤鎴峰彲浠ュ皬蹇冨湴鍙傜収濡備笅姝ラ杩涜:
export RELEASEPATH=/usr/rel # where you put the files
cd ${RELEASEPATH}
rm /obsd ; ln /bsd /obsd && cp bsd /nbsd && mv /nbsd /bsd
cp bsd.rd bsd.mp /
璇存槑:鎷疯礉鍘熸湁鍐呮牳鐨勯澶栨楠: 杩欐槸鐢ㄦ潵纭繚鍙戠敓鏂數鎴栫郴缁熷穿婧冩椂纾佺洏涓婅繕淇濈暀涓涓湁鏁堢殑鍐呮牳鎷疯礉銆
rm -rf /usr/X11R6/lib/modules/*
cp /sbin/reboot /sbin/oreboot
骞堕潪闇瑕佷负搴旂敤绋嬪簭瀹夎鎵鏈夌殑缁勪欢, 鐒惰, 濡傛灉浣犲師鏉ュ凡缁忓畨瑁呬簡涓涓粍浠, 鐜板湪浣犲氨蹇呴』瀹夎瀹冪殑鏂扮増鏈鍏跺崌绾сtar -C / -xzphf comp45.tgz tar -C / -xzphf game45.tgz tar -C / -xzphf man45.tgz tar -C / -xzphf misc45.tgz tar -C / -xzphf xbase45.tgz tar -C / -xzphf xfont45.tgz tar -C / -xzphf xserv45.tgz tar -C / -xzphf xshare45.tgz tar -C / -xzphf base45.tgz # 鏈鍚庡畨瑁! /sbin/oreboot
閲嶇敵涓涓, 浣嶄簬 /etc 鐨勬枃浠朵細鍦ㄤ笅闈㈠崟鐙鐞, 鎵浠etc45.tgz鍜xetc45.tgz娌℃湁鍦ㄨ繖閲岃В鍖呫
cd /dev ./MAKEDEV all
useradd -u94 -g=uid -c"Bluetooth Daemon" -d/var/empty -s/sbin/nologin _btd
浣犻渶瑕佹彁鍙 etc45.tgz 涓殑鏂囦欢鍒板埌涓涓复鏃剁殑浣嶇疆:
export RELEASEPATH=/usr/rel
tar -C /tmp -xzphf ${RELEASEPATH}/etc45.tgz
netstart rc rc.conf services afs/CellServDB mail/README mail/submit.cf mtree/4.4BSD.dist mtree/special /var/named/etc/root.hint /var/named/etc/named*
娉ㄦ剰寰堟湁鍙兘浠ュ墠浣犲湪鏈満淇敼浜嗚繖浜涙枃浠(鑰佺増鏈殑), 濡傛灉浣犵殑纭慨鏀逛簡瀹冧滑, 灏变笉瑕佹嫹璐濊繖浜涙彁鍙栫殑鏂囦欢, 鑰屽簲璇ヤ娇鐢 sysmerge(8) process 浠ｆ浛銆 涓嬮潰鐨勬嫹璐/绮樿创琛岀敤鏉ユ嫹璐濊繖浜涙枃浠, 杩欓噷鍋囪浣犲皢etc45.tgz瑙ｅ寘鍒颁笂闈㈡帹鑽愮殑浣嶇疆:
cd /tmp/etc cp netstart rc rc.conf services /etc cp afs/CellServDB /etc/afs cp mtree/* /etc/mtree cp mail/README mail/submit.cf /etc/mail cp ../var/named/etc/root.hint ../var/named/etc/named-*.conf /var/named/etc cp ../var/named/etc/named.conf /var/named/etc/ # 鍋囪鏈湴鍘熸湁鏂囦欢娌℃湁鏇存敼!
杩欎簺鏂囦欢鍙兘鍦ㄦ湰鍦拌淇敼杩, 浣嗘槸搴旇琚崌绾у埌4.5銆傚鏋滀綘娌℃湁淇敼杩囪繖浜涙枃浠, 浣犲彲浠ョ洿鎺ユ妸鏂版枃浠舵嫹璐濊繃鍘, 鍚﹀垯杩欎簺淇敼搴旇琚悎骞跺埌浣犵殑鏂囦欢涓:
杩欎簺鏂囦欢鐨勬洿鏀瑰湪 杩欎釜琛ヤ竵鏂囦欢 閲岄潰銆 浣犲彲浠ヤ互root鐨勮韩浠借繍琛屼笅鍒楀懡浠ゅ皾璇曚娇鐢ㄥ畠:/etc/changelist /etc/ftpusers /etc/ksh.kshrc /etc/lynx.cfg /etc/mail/aliases /etc/mail/trusted-users /etc/shells /etc/ssh/ssh_config
cd / patch -C -p0 < upgrade45.patch
杩欐潯鍛戒护灏嗕粎娴嬭瘯杩欎釜琛ヤ竵鍦ㄤ綘鐨勭郴缁熶笂搴旂敤鐨勫濂; 瑕佸疄闄呭簲鐢ㄨ繖涓ˉ涓, 灏卞幓鎺夐偅涓 "-C" 閫夐」銆 娉ㄦ剰, 鏈夊彲鑳戒綘鐨勭郴缁熷畾鍒朵簡鏂囦欢銆佹垨浣犳渶杩戞病鏈夋洿鏂扮郴缁熴佽繕鏈夊氨鏄綘浠庝竴涓4.4鐨勫揩鐓х増鍗囩骇鍒4.5, 杩欎簺鎯呭喌涓嬬郴缁熷彲鑳芥牴鏈棤娉曞簲鐢ㄨ繖涓ˉ涓, 姝ゆ椂, 浣犲彧鑳芥墜鍔ㄥ簲鐢ㄨ繖浜涘彉鍔ㄣ 鍦ㄤ竴涓綘濂戒笉瀹规槗寤虹珛鐨勭郴缁熶笂鏈濂藉湪搴旂敤杩欎釜琛ヤ竵鍓嶅厛娴嬭瘯涓涓嬨
涓嬮潰杩欎簺鏂囦欢宸茬粡鍙戠敓浜嗗彉鍖, 浣犲簲璇ユ鏌ヤ竴涓, 浣嗗畠浠笉搴旇鐩存帴鎷疯礉鎴栨暣鍚 (涔熷氨鏄, 濡傛灉浣犱娇鐢ㄤ簡 pf.conf, 鐪嬩竴涓嬪缓璁殑淇绛栫暐, 鐒跺悗纭畾鏄惁閲囩敤)銆
etc/dhcpd.conf etc/ntpd.conf etc/pf.conf
鏈鍚, 浣跨敤 newaliases(8) 鏇存柊鍒悕鏁版嵁搴, mtree(8) 浜х敓鎵鏈夋柊鐩綍:
newaliases mtree -qdef /etc/mtree/4.4BSD.dist -p / -u
鏂扮殑 sysmerge(8) 宸ュ叿灏嗘瘮杈冨皢瑕佸畨瑁呯殑鏂囦欢鍜岀郴缁熶笂鐨勫疄闄呮枃浠, 鐒跺悗鍗忓姪浣犲皢杩欎簺鍙樺姩鏁村悎鍒颁綘鐨勭郴缁熷唴銆傛敞鎰, sysmerge涓嶅儚琛ヤ竵鏂囦欢, 瀹冧笉鍋囧畾浣犵郴缁熺殑瀹為檯鎯呭喌, 鎵浠ヤ綘鍙互鐢 sysmerge(8) 鍦鐗堟湰鍙戝睍绾胯矾鍥句腑鐨勬洿澶氳妭鐐闂村崌绾, 渚嬪浠庝竴涓棭鏈熺殑褰-current鍗囩骇鍒4.5-release 鎴栦粠涓涓 -current 鍒颁笅涓涓.
璇峰湪浣跨敤鍓嶅厛闃呰 sysmerge(8) 鐨勭敤鎴锋墜鍐屻 鍚屾牱涔熷缓璁偍闃呰 diff(1), sdiff(1) 鐢氳嚦搴旇鍦ㄧ户缁箣鍓嶅涔犱竴涓 more(1) 鐨勭敤鎴锋墜鍐屻
鍋囪etc45.tgz鍜xetc45.tgz杩欎袱涓枃浠跺凡缁忓湪浣犵殑 $RELEASEPATH, 杩愯:
Sysmerge(8) 灏嗗悜浣犳樉绀轰竴涓粺涓鐨 diff(1), 璐┛浣犲枩鐖辩殑 $PAGER (涔熷氨鏄, more(1)) , 骞朵笖灏卞鏁扮殑鏇存敼鏂囦欢璇㈤棶浣, 濡傛灉浣犲笇鏈:# sudo sysmerge -as $RELEASEPATH/etc45.tgz -x $RELEASEPATH/xetc45.tgz
Use 'd' to delete the temporary ./var/www/htdocs/index.html Use 'i' to install the temporary ./var/www/htdocs/index.html Use 'm' to merge the temporary and installed versions Use 'v' to view the diff results again Default is to leave the temporary file to deal with by hand
濡傛灉浣犲笇鏈涗繚鐣欎綘鐜版湁鐨勬枃浠, 灏卞垹闄や复鏃舵枃浠, 濡傛灉浣犲笇鏈涚敤鏂扮増鏈殑鏂囦欢鍙栦唬鐜版湁鐨勬枃浠, 灏卞畨瑁呬复鏃舵枃浠躲傚鏋滀綘鎯冲皢涓よ呮暣鍚堝埌涓璧, 閫夋嫨 'm' 灏嗗甫浣犺繘鍏sdiff(1), 浣犲彲浠ユ墜鍔ㄦ暣鍚堣繖涓枃浠躲 榛樿鏄厛鍥炴潵, 浠ュ悗鎵嬪姩澶勭悊杩欎釜鏂囦欢銆
灏界sysmerge鍙互灏嗘柊鐢ㄦ埛鏁村悎鍒颁綘鐨勭郴缁熷唴, 浣嗘槸鎴戜滑涓嶆帹鑽愭偍浣跨敤瀹冭繖鏍峰仛, 鎴戜滑杩樻槸寤鸿鎮ㄤ娇鐢涓婇潰鐨剈seradd(8) 閭ｈ銆傛垜浠浉淇¤繖鏍峰彲浠ュ噺灏戝嚭鐜伴敊璇殑鍙兘鎬с(鎻愮ず: 涓嶈鐢ㄤ复鏃剁殑master.passwd鏂囦欢瑕嗙洊鍘熸湁鐨勬枃浠!).
Sysmerge(8)灏嗘墍鏈夎鏇挎崲鐨勬枃浠跺瓨鍦ㄤ竴涓复鏃剁洰褰曞唴, 鏈夌偣鍍 /var/tmp/sysmerge.24959/backups, 鎵鏈夊鏋滀綘涓嶅皬蹇冩悶涔变簡浠涔, 浣犺繕鏈夋満浼氬鍘熷畠銆傛敞鎰忎娇鐢 daily(8) 鍛戒护鍙粠杩欎釜鐩綍涓竻闄ゅ氨鏂囦欢銆
濡傛灉浣犳寜鐓т笉瀹夎鍐呮牳鐨勮鏄庡崌绾х郴缁, 浣犲凡缁忓仛瀹岃繖涓姝ヤ簡銆 鐒惰, 濡傛灉浣犱娇鐢4.5鐨勫畨瑁呭唴鏍, 骞朵笖浣犳湁涓涓慨鏀硅繃鐨4.4鍐呮牳, 寰堟湁鍙兘浣犻渶瑕佹洿鏀4.5鐨勫師鏈夊唴鏍搞傝繖灏卞儚鐢 config(8)淇敼涓涓壒瀹氳澶囬偅鏍风畝鍗, 鎴栬呭鏋滀竴涓夐」娌℃湁鍖呭惈鍦℅ENERIC鍐呮牳鍐呭畠鍙互鍖呭惈涓涓噸鏂扮紪璇戙傚湪鍑嗗閲嶆柊缂栬瘧浣犵殑鍐呮牳鍓嶈鍙傞槄 FAQ 5 - 浠庢簮鐮佹瀯寤虹郴缁銆
濡傛灉浣犲湪浣犵殑绯荤粺涓婂畨瑁呬换浣昿ackages, 浣犲簲璇ュ湪鍩烘湰绯荤粺瀹屾垚鍗囩骇鍚庡崌绾ц繖浜沺ackages銆 瑕佹敞鎰, 涓嶇鎬庢牱, 璁稿packages鍦ㄥ崌绾у墠鍜/鎴栧崌绾у悗闇瑕佽繘涓姝ョ殑璁剧疆, 璇锋鏌ヨ繖涓簺package鐨勫崌绾ф寚鍗椾互渚胯幏鍙栨洿璇﹀敖鐨勪俊鎭
鐩墠宸茬粡鐭ラ亾寰堝鐢ㄦ埛鍦ㄥ崌绾т笅鍒梡ackages鏃跺嚭鐜颁弗閲嶉棶棰樸 娌℃湁鍦ㄦ鍒楀嚭鐨刾ackage骞朵笉鎰忓懗鐫灏卞彲浠ラ『鍒╁崌绾с 浣犲繀椤昏嚜宸辨祴璇曚竴涓嬩綘鐨勭▼搴忋
package宸ュ叿鏀寔浣跨敤 pkg_add -u 鍛戒护灏卞湴鏇存柊銆 渚嬪, 鏇寸粏浣犳墍鏈夌殑packages, 鍒繕浜嗘妸PKG_PATH鎸囧悜CD鎴朏TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂鐨4.5鐗堟湰鐨勭殑packages鐩綍, 浣跨敤绫讳技濡備笅鐨勫懡浠
杩欓噷 -u 鎸囧畾浜嗘洿鏂版ā寮, -i 鎸囧畾浜嗕氦浜掓ā寮, 鎵浠 pkg_add 鍦ㄩ亣鍒颁笉鏄庣‘鐨勫湴鏂逛細鎻愮ず浣犺緭鍏ラ夋嫨銆 璇烽槄璇 pkg_add(1) 鐢ㄦ埛鎵嬪唽浠ュ強FAQ涓 package绠＄悊 閭ｇ珷銆# pkg_add -ui -F update -F updatedepends
浠ュ線涓浜汸erl鐨勬ā鍧楀湪packages涓彁渚, 鐜板湪宸茬粡鍖呭惈鍦ㄥ熀鏈郴缁熺殑Perl 5.10.0鍐, 鎵浠鏇存柊瀹屽叾瀹冪殑杞欢鍖(packages)鍚, 杩欎簺鍘熸潵鍖呭惈perl妯″潡鐨刾ackages蹇呴』鍒犻櫎銆傚彟澶, xcompmgr(1) 鐜板湪宸茬粡鍖呭惈鍦ㄧ郴缁熺粍浠 xbase45.tgz 鍐, 涓嶅啀鏄竴涓猵ackage, 鎵浠ュ畠涔熷繀椤昏鍒犻櫎銆
娉ㄦ剰: 濡傛灉浣犳嫹璐濆拰绮樿创杩欎簺鍛戒护鍒颁綘鐨勭郴缁熻繍琛屾椂, 濡傛灉浣犳病鏈夊畨瑁呰繖浜涜蒋浠朵細寰楀埌寰堝鐨勯敊璇俊鎭, 浣嗚繖瀵圭郴缁熸病鏈変激瀹炽pkg_delete p5-Archive-Tar p5-Compress-Raw-Zlib p5-Compress-Zlib \ p5-IO-Compress-Base p5-IO-Compress-Zlib p5-IO-Zlib p5-Module-Build \ p5-Module-CoreList p5-Module-Load p5-version p5-Digest-SHA \ p5-Locale-Maketext-Simple p5-Pod-Escapes p5-Pod-Simple \ p5-ExtUtils-ParseXS p5-ExtUtils-CBuilder p5-Module-Pluggable \ p5-Time-Piece p5-Module-Loaded xcompmgr
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