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class SetRemoteAddrFromForwardedFor(object): def process_request(self, request): try: real_ip = request.META['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'] except KeyError: pass else: # HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR can be a comma-separated list of IPs. # Take just the first one. real_ip = real_ip.split(",")[0] request.META['REMOTE_ADDR'] = real_ip
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MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = ( 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.middleware.doc.XViewMiddleware' )
Django椤圭洰鐨勫畨瑁呭苟涓嶅己鍒惰姹備换浣曚腑闂翠欢锛屽鏋滀綘鎰挎剰锛 MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES 鍙互涓虹┖銆備絾鎴戜滑寤鸿鍚敤 CommonMiddleware 锛岀◢鍚庡仛鍑鸿В閲娿
杩欓噷涓棿浠跺嚭鐜扮殑椤哄簭闈炲父閲嶈銆傚湪request鍜寁iew鐨勫鐞嗛樁娈碉紝Django鎸夌収 MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES 涓嚭鐜扮殑椤哄簭鏉ュ簲鐢ㄤ腑闂翠欢锛岃屽湪response鍜屽紓甯稿鐞嗛樁娈碉紝Django鍒欐寜閫嗗簭鏉ヨ皟鐢ㄥ畠浠備篃灏辨槸璇达紝Django灏 MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES 瑙嗕负view鍑芥暟澶栧眰鐨勯『搴忓寘瑁呭瓙锛氬湪request闃舵鎸夐『搴忎粠涓婂埌涓嬬┛杩囷紝鑰屽湪response鍒欏弽杩囨潵銆傚叧浜嶥jango澶勭悊闃舵鐨勮缁嗕俊鎭紝璇峰弬瑙佺涓夌珷”Django鎬庝箞澶勭悊涓涓姹: 瀹屾暣缁嗚妭”杩欎竴鑺傘
鐜板湪锛屾垜浠凡缁忕煡閬撲粈涔堟槸涓棿浠跺拰鎬庝箞瀹夎瀹冿紝涓嬮潰灏嗕粙缁嶄腑闂翠欢绫讳腑鍙互瀹氫箟鐨勬墍鏈夋柟娉曘
鍦ㄤ腑闂翠欢绫讳腑锛 __init__() 鏂规硶鐢ㄤ簬鎵ц绯荤粺鑼冨洿鐨勮缃
鍑轰簬鎬ц兘鐨勮冭檻锛屾瘡涓凡鍚敤鐨勪腑闂翠欢鍦ㄦ瘡涓湇鍔″櫒杩涚▼涓彧鍒濆鍖 涓 娆°備篃灏辨槸璇 __init__() 浠呭湪鏈嶅姟杩涚▼鍚姩鐨勬椂鍊欒皟鐢紝鑰屽湪閽堝鍗曚釜request澶勭悊鏃跺苟涓嶆墽琛屻
瀵逛竴涓猰iddleware鑰岃█锛屽畾涔 __init__() 鏂规硶鐨勯氬父鍘熷洜鏄鏌ヨ嚜韬殑蹇呰鎬с傚鏋 __init__() 鎶涘嚭寮傚父 django.core.exceptions.MiddlewareNotUsed ,鍒橠jango灏嗕粠middleware鏍堜腑绉诲嚭璇iddleware銆傚彲浠ョ敤杩欎釜鏈哄埗鏉ユ鏌iddleware渚濊禆鐨勮蒋浠舵槸鍚﹀瓨鍦ㄣ佹湇鍔℃槸鍚﹁繍琛屼簬璋冭瘯妯″紡銆佷互鍙婁换浣曞叾瀹冪幆澧冨洜绱犮
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杩欎釜鏂规硶鐨勮皟鐢ㄦ椂鏈哄湪Django鎺ユ敹鍒皉equest涔嬪悗锛屼絾浠嶆湭瑙f瀽URL浠ョ‘瀹氬簲褰撹繍琛岀殑view涔嬪墠銆侱jango鍚戝畠浼犲叆鐩稿簲鐨 HttpRequest 瀵硅薄锛屼互渚垮湪鏂规硶涓慨鏀广
process_request() 搴斿綋杩斿洖 None 鎴 HttpResponse 瀵硅薄.
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濡傚悓 process_request() , process_view() 搴斿綋杩斿洖 None 鎴 HttpResponse 瀵硅薄銆
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process_exception() 搴斿綋杩斿洖 None 鎴 HttpResponse 瀵硅薄.
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澶囨敞
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鍦―jangos wiki涓婁篃鍙互鎵惧埌澶ч噺鐨勭ぞ鍖鸿础鐚殑涓棿浠惰寖渚: http://code.djangoproject.com/wiki/ContributedMiddleware
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涓棿浠剁被: django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware .
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杩欎釜涓棿浠朵负瀹岀編涓讳箟鑰呮彁渚涗簡涓浜涗究鍒:
绂佹 ``DISALLOWED_USER_AGENTS`` 鍒楄〃涓墍璁剧疆鐨剈ser agent璁块棶 锛氫竴鏃︽彁渚涳紝杩欎竴鍒楄〃搴斿綋鐢卞凡缂栬瘧鐨勬鍒欒〃杈惧紡瀵硅薄缁勬垚锛岃繖浜涘璞$敤浜庡尮閰嶄紶鍏ョ殑request璇锋眰澶翠腑鐨剈ser-agent鍩熴備笅闈㈣繖涓緥瀛愭潵鑷煇涓厤缃枃浠剁墖娈碉細
import re DISALLOWED_USER_AGENTS = ( re.compile(r'^OmniExplorer_Bot'), re.compile(r'^Googlebot') )
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渚濇嵁 ``APPEND_SLASH`` 鍜 ``PREPEND_WWW`` 鐨勮缃墽琛孶RL閲嶅啓 锛氬鏋 APPEND_SLASH 涓 True , 閭d簺灏鹃儴娌℃湁鏂滄潬鐨刄RL灏嗚閲嶅畾鍚戝埌娣诲姞浜嗘枩鏉犵殑鐩稿簲URL锛岄櫎闈瀙ath鐨勬渶鏈粍鎴愰儴鍒嗗寘鍚偣鍙枫傚洜姝わ紝 foo.com/bar 浼氳閲嶅畾鍚戝埌 foo.com/bar/ , 浣嗘槸 foo.com/bar/file.txt 灏嗕互涓嶅彉褰㈠紡閫氳繃銆
濡傛灉 PREPEND_WWW 涓 True , 閭d簺缂哄皯鍏堝www.鐨刄RLs灏嗕細琚噸瀹氬悜鍒板惈鏈夊厛瀵紈ww.鐨勭浉搴擴RL涓娿
杩欎袱涓夐」閮芥槸涓轰簡瑙勮寖鍖朥RL銆傚叾鍚庣殑鍝插鏄瘡涓猆RL閮藉簲涓斿彧搴斿綋瀛樺湪浜庝竴澶勩傛妧鏈笂鏉ヨ锛孶RL example.com/bar 涓 example.com/bar/ 鍙 www.example.com/bar/ 閮戒簰涓嶇浉鍚屻傛悳绱㈠紩鎿庣紪鐩▼搴忓皢鎶婂畠浠涓轰笉鍚岀殑URL,杩欏皢涓嶅埄浜庤绔欑偣鐨勬悳绱㈠紩鎿庢帓鍚嶏紝鍥犳杩欓噷鐨勬渶浣冲疄璺垫槸灏哢RL瑙勮寖鍖栥
渚濇嵁 ``USE_ETAGS`` 鐨勮缃鐞咵tag : ETags 鏄疕TTP绾у埆涓婃寜鏉′欢缂撳瓨椤甸潰鐨勪紭鍖栨満鍒躲傚鏋 USE_ETAGS 涓 True 锛孌jango閽堝姣忎釜璇锋眰浠D5绠楁硶澶勭悊椤甸潰鍐呭锛屼粠鑰屽緱鍒癊tag, 鍦ㄦ鍩虹涓婏紝Django灏嗗湪閫傚綋鎯呭舰涓嬪鐞嗗苟杩斿洖 Not Modified 鍥炲簲(璇戞敞锛氭垨鑰呰缃畆esponse澶翠腑鐨凟tag鍩)銆
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涓棿浠剁被: django.middleware.gzip.GZipMiddleware .
杩欎釜涓棿浠惰嚜鍔ㄤ负鑳藉鐞唃zip鍘嬬缉(鍖呮嫭鎵鏈夌殑鐜颁唬娴忚鍣)鐨勬祻瑙堝櫒鑷姩鍘嬬缉杩斿洖]鍐呭銆傝繖灏嗘瀬澶у湴鍑忓皯Web鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ墍鑰楃敤鐨勫甫瀹姐備唬浠锋槸鍘嬬缉椤甸潰闇瑕佷竴浜涢澶栫殑澶勭悊鏃堕棿銆
鐩稿浜庡甫瀹斤紝浜轰滑涓鑸洿闈掔潗浜庨熷害锛屼絾鏄鏋滀綘鐨勬儏褰㈡濂界浉鍙嶏紝灏藉彲鍚敤杩欎釜涓棿浠躲
涓棿浠剁被: django.middleware.http.ConditionalGetMiddleware .
杩欎釜涓棿浠跺鏉′欢鍖 GET 鎿嶄綔鎻愪緵鏀寔銆傚鏋渞esponse澶翠腑鍖呮嫭 Last-Modified 鎴 ETag 鍩燂紝骞朵笖request澶翠腑鍖呭惈 If-None-Match 鎴 If-Modified-Since 鍩燂紝涓斾袱鑰呬竴鑷达紝鍒欒response灏嗚response 304(Not modified)鍙栦唬銆傚 ETag 鐨勬敮鎸佷緷璧栦簬 USE_ETAGS 閰嶇疆鍙婁簨鍏堝湪response澶翠腑璁剧疆 ETag 鍩熴傜◢鍓嶆墍璁ㄨ鐨勯氱敤涓棿浠跺彲鐢ㄤ簬璁剧疆response涓殑 ETag 鍩熴
姝ゅ锛屽畠涔熷皢鍒犻櫎澶勭悊 HEAD request鏃舵墍鐢熸垚鐨剅esponse涓殑浠讳綍鍐呭锛屽苟鍦ㄦ墍鏈塺equest鐨剅esponse澶翠腑璁剧疆 Date 鍜 Content-Length 鍩熴
涓棿浠剁被: django.middleware.http.SetRemoteAddrFromForwardedFor .
杩欐槸鎴戜滑鍦 浠涔堟槸涓棿浠 杩欎竴鑺備腑鎵涓剧殑渚嬪瓙銆 鍦 request.META['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'] 瀛樺湪鐨勫墠鎻愪笅锛屽畠鏍规嵁鍏跺兼潵璁剧疆 request.META['REMOTE_ADDR'] 銆傚湪绔欑偣浣嶄簬鏌愪釜鍙嶅悜浠g悊涔嬪悗鐨勩佹瘡涓猺equest鐨 REMOTE_ADDR 閮借鎸囧悜 127.0.0.1 鐨勬儏褰笅锛岃繖涓鍔熻兘灏嗛潪甯告湁鐢ㄣ
绾㈣壊璀﹀憡锛
杩欎釜middleware骞 涓 楠岃瘉 HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR 鐨勫悎娉曟с
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涓棿浠剁被: django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware .
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杩欎釜涓棿浠剁紦瀛楧jango澶勭悊鐨勬瘡涓〉闈€傚凡鍦ㄧ13绔犱腑璇︾粏璁ㄨ銆
涓棿浠剁被: django.middleware.transaction.TransactionMiddleware .
杩欎釜涓棿浠跺皢鏁版嵁搴撶殑 COMMIT 鎴 ROLLBACK 缁戝畾鍒皉equest/response澶勭悊闃舵銆傚鏋渧iew鍑芥暟鎴愬姛鎵ц锛屽垯鍙戝嚭 COMMIT 鎸囦护銆傚鏋渧iew鍑芥暟鎶涘嚭寮傚父锛屽垯鍙戝嚭 ROLLBACK 鎸囦护銆
杩欎釜涓棿浠跺湪鏍堜腑鐨勯『搴忛潪甯搁噸瑕併傚叾澶栧眰鐨勪腑闂翠欢妯″潡杩愯鍦―jango缂虹渷鐨 淇濆瓨-鎻愪氦 琛屼负妯″紡涓嬨傝屽叾鍐呭眰涓棿浠(鍦ㄦ爤涓殑鍏跺悗浣嶇疆鍑虹幇)灏嗙疆浜庝笌view鍑芥暟涓鑷寸殑浜嬪姟鏈哄埗鐨勬帶鍒朵笅銆
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涓棿浠剁被: django.middleware.doc.XViewMiddleware .
杩欎釜涓棿浠跺皢瀵规潵鑷 INTERNAL_IPS 鎵璁剧疆鐨勫唴閮↖P鐨凥EAD璇锋眰鍙戦佸畾鍒剁殑 X-View HTTP澶淬侱jango鐨勮嚜鍔ㄦ枃妗g郴缁熶娇鐢ㄤ簡杩欎釜涓棿浠躲
Web寮鍙戣呭拰鏁版嵁搴撴ā寮忚璁′汉鍛樺苟涓嶆绘槸浜湁鐧芥墜璧峰鎵撻犻」鐩殑濂緢鏈轰細銆備笅涓绔犲皢闃愯堪濡備綍闆嗘垚閬楃暀绯荤粺锛屾瘮濡傜户鎵胯嚜1980骞翠唬鐨勬暟鎹簱妯″紡銆
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鏈珯浣跨敤涓婁笅鏂囧叧鑱旂殑璇勬敞绯荤粺鏉ユ敹闆嗗弽棣堜俊鎭備笉鍚屼簬涓鑸鏁寸珷鍋氳瘎娉ㄧ殑鍋氭硶锛 鎴戜滑鍏佽浣犲姣忎竴涓嫭绔嬬殑鈥滄枃鏈潡鈥濆仛璇勬敞銆備竴涓滄枃鏈潡鈥濈湅璧锋潵鏄繖鏍风殑锛
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鎴戜滑浼氫粩缁嗛槄璇绘瘡涓瘎璁猴紝濡傛灉鍙兘鐨勮瘽鎴戜滑涔熶細鎶婅瘎娉ㄨ冭檻鍒版湭鏉ョ殑鐗堟湰涓幓:
濡傛灉浣犳効鎰忎綘鐨勮瘎娉ㄨ閲囩敤锛岃纭繚鐣欎笅浣犵殑鍏ㄥ悕 (娉ㄦ剰涓嶆槸鏄电О鎴栫畝绉帮級
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